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排序方式: 共有105条查询结果,搜索用时 380 毫秒
81.
Stefano Loppi Fabrizio Chiti Adelmo Corsini Luca Bernardi 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1994,29(1):17-27
The epiphytic lichen Parmelia caperata (L.) Ach. was used as bioaccumulator of the heavy metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn in the environs of the town of Pistoia (central northern Italy). The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni, Hg and Pb were comparable with those found in areas not subject to atmospheric pollution. Copper and especially Zn were found in rather high concentrations. Fertilizers and pesticides were the main source of atmospheric contamination. 相似文献
82.
Volatile organic compounds produced during the aerobic biological processing of municipal solid waste in a pilot plant 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Pierucci P Porazzi E Martinez MP Adani F Carati C Rubino FM Colombi A Calcaterra E Benfenati E 《Chemosphere》2005,59(3):423-430
The volatile organic carbon (VOC) and odours emitted during the aerobic biological processing of municipal solid waste (MSW) was studied in a pilot-scale reactor. VOCs were detected by different techniques on solid waste samples and the outlet air stream, before and after a biofilter. Organic compounds (alpha-pinene, beta-myrcene, D-limonene) were also measured in condensate water and leachate from the process. Results showed uniformity in the composition of the air in the solid waste samples, air sampled during the process and condensed water, indicating a matrix-derived origin of these compounds. Leachates, however, contained substances with a quite different molecular structure from the compounds identified in the gaseous fraction. Most of the substances in the gaseous effluent had a hydrocarbon-like structure, mainly terpenoids. The odour produced and detected through olfactometry agreed with GC-MS analyses. This was true above all for terpenes. 相似文献
83.
Sewage sludges are used in agriculture because they act as a fertilizer. Long-term studies are needed to evaluate the effect of sewage sludge on soil properties by paying particular attention to the soil organic matter. Soil plots were amended for 10 years with 1Mg dry matter ha(-1)year(-1) of sewage sludge. Chemical parameters such as total organic carbon (TOC), N, C/N ratio and CEC were determined when this period ended. Moreover, TOC was fractionated into humified and non-humified fractions. Humic acids (HA) were isolated and studied by elemental analysis, DRIFT, (1)H NMR and CPMAS 13C NMR spectroscopies. At the end of the tests, compared to the control soil, the sludge-amended soil did not exhibit change in total organic C and related humified fractions. However, the HA composition of the soil treated with sludge had developed an HA composition closer to that of the HA-sludge as a result of the enrichment of recalcitrant fractions contained in the sludge. 相似文献
84.
Viganò Luigi Casatta Nadia Farkas Anna Mascolo Giuseppe Roscioli Claudio Stefani Fabrizio Vitelli Matteo Olivo Fabio Clerici Laura Robles Pasquale Dellavedova Pierluisa 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(10):10729-10747
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Sediment toxicity plays a fundamental role in the health of inland fish communities; however, the assessment of the hazard potential of contaminated... 相似文献
85.
Nadia Casatta Fabrizio Stefani Fiorenzo Pozzoni Licia Guzzella Laura Marziali Giuseppe Mascolo Luigi Viganò 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(11):10477-10493
The large estuary that the River Po forms at its confluence into the Adriatic Sea comprises a multitude of transitional environments, including coastal lagoons. This complex system receives the nutrients transported by the River Po but also its load of chemical contaminants, which may pose a substantial (eco)toxicological risk. Despite the high ecological and economic importance of these vulnerable environments, there is a substantial lack of information on this risk. In light of the recent amendments of the European Water Framework Directive (2013/39/EU), the present study investigated the sediment contamination of six coastal lagoons of the Po delta and its effects on Manila clams (Ruditapes philippinarum), exposed in situ for 3 months. Sediment contamination and clam bioaccumulation of a wide range of chemicals, i.e. trace metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Hg, Pb, As), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), alkylphenols (APs), organochlorine compounds (PCBs, DDTs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organotins (TPhT, TBT), suggested a southward increase related to the riverine transports. Where the River Po influence was more direct, the concentrations of contaminants were higher, with nonylphenol and BDE-209 exceeding sediment quality guidelines. Biometric indicators suggested the influence of contamination on organism health; an inverse relationship between PBDEs in sediments and clam condition index has been found, as well as different biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) in the lagoons. 相似文献
86.
87.
A national reconnaissance for selected organic micropollutants in sediments on French territory 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Emmanuelle Vulliet Alexandra Berlioz-Barbier Florent Lafay Robert Baudot Laure Wiest Antoine Vauchez François Lestremau Fabrizio Botta Cécile Cren-Olivé 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(19):11370-11379
To collect a large data set regarding the occurrence of organic substances in sediment, this study presents the examination of 20 micropollutants, as a national survey. The list of target compounds contains two alkylphenols, three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) not commonly included in monitoring programmes, six pesticides or metabolites, five pharmaceutical compounds, two hormones, one UV filter and bisphenol A. The selective and sensitive analytical methods, based on quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) sample preparation followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) or gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-ToF-MS), allow the quantification at limits comprised between 0.5 and 23 ng/g, depending on the compound. The paper summarizes the analytical results from 154 sampling points. Of the 20 target compounds, 9 were determined at least once, and the sediments contained a maximum of 7 substances. The most frequently detected were PAHs (frequency, 77 %; max., 1,400 ng/g). The pharmaceutical compounds, hormones and pesticides were rarely detected in the samples; the most frequently detected was carbamazepine (frequency, 6 %; max., 31 ng/g). In some cases, the levels of PAHs and bisphenol A exceed the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) values. 相似文献
88.
Antonella Di Leo Cristina Annicchiarico Nicola Cardellicchio Santina Giandomenico Michele Conversano Giacomo Castellano Fabrizio Basile Walter Martinelli Giampiero Scortichini Lucia Spada 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(23):13196-13207
The levels and specific profiles of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) in Mytilus galloprovincialis from the Mar Grande and the Mar Piccolo of Taranto were determined during the extensive monitoring plan of Local Health Authority to assess PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs contamination in food and farm products, within 20 km from the industrial areas of Taranto, between March and December 2011. The average Total Toxicity Equivalence (TEQ) values for the sum of PCDD/F and DL-PCBs ranged from 1.61 to 5.63 pg WHO2005-TEQ g?1 wet weight basis, with the highest in the first inlet of the Mar Piccolo. In particular, DL-PCBs were the dominant chemicals in all samples, followed by PCDFs and PCDDs. Congener patterns in mussels were similar, indicating a homogeneous behavior in studied areas and, probably, the same type of source. The seasonal concentrations trend showed a relevant increase of dioxin and dioxin-like PCBs TEQs during the summer months, exceeding the limits set by the European Community for food and foodstuff. Reducing PCDD/Fs and PCBs is necessary to decrease contamination levels in order to safeguard marine ecosystem and human health in the Taranto area. 相似文献
89.
Frontalini F Semprucci F Coccioni R Balsamo M Bittoni P Covazzi-Harriague A 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,180(1-4):325-344
Many coastal areas have served as repositories of different anthropogenic and naturally induced organic material and nutrients. The major sources thereof are riverine inputs which strongly influence the spatial and temporal distribution of benthic communities. In this study, the benthic foraminiferal, meiofaunal, and macrofaunal colonies in front of three rivers in a poorly known, but environmentally valuable, area of the Central Adriatic Sea have been examined concurrently. The physico-chemical parameters of bottom water and sediment characteristics were determined in order to characterize both the sediment-water interface and the benthic environments. Although changes in the biota are neither univocal nor unidirectional, a moderate influence of riverine input on the different communities' components can be inferred. The most affected taxa are foraminifera and copepods and, to a lesser extent, meiofaunal polychaetes and platyhelminthes. These results are also tested by the ABC curves, which reveal that the macrofaunal communities closest to the river mouths are moderately disturbed. This integrated investigation documents, for the first time, how benthic communities can be used as an early warning indicator with which to monitor the health quality of a coastal ecosystem. 相似文献
90.
River restoration is a novel paradigm of ‘mirescape’ (land-and-water-scape) management that developed along with the emergence of aquatic ecology. River restoration can be seen as the application of an ecological perspective to return rivers to nature. However, the river restoration paradigm is also the contemporary iteration of historical phases of mirescape management. We review the long and varied recorded history of the Po River in northern Italy as a case study to illustrate the transformations and common themes of mirescape management. We find, first, that significant changes in mirescape management and river condition only occur in the context of larger social, political, technological and economic transformations. Second, we show how particular cultural understandings, economic interests, technological innovations and political powers have driven particular paradigms of mirescape management. These have tended towards increasing territorial separation of wet and dry. We find, third, that these separations lead not only to increasing economic precariousness for many, but also to increasingly severe disasters. We conclude that river restoration faces social and political challenges to becoming relevant at a mirescape scale, due to its lack of integration with land management, or with current social, political, technological and economic transformations. To act on this conclusion, we suggest philosophically aligned social movements that river restoration could work with to improve impact and uptake. 相似文献